The olive, botanical name Olea europaea, meaning ‘European olive,’ is a species of small tree or shrub in the family Oleaceae, found traditionally in the Mediterranean Basin, with wild subspecies found further afield in Africa and western Asia. When in shrub form, it is known as Olea europaea ‘Montra,’ dwarf olive, or little olive. The species is cultivated in all the countries of the Mediterranean, as well as in Australia, New Zealand, North and South America, and South Africa. It is the type species for its genus Olea. The tree and its fruit give their name to the Oleaceae plant family, including species such as lilac, jasmine, forsythia, and the true ash tree.

Arbequina is an olive cultivar. The fruit is highly aromatic, small, symmetrical, and dark brown, with a rounded apex and a broad peduncular cavity. In Europe, it is mostly grown in Catalonia, Spain, but it is also grown in Aragon and Andalusia, as well as California, Argentina, Chile, Australia, and Azerbaijan. It has recently become one of the dominant olive cultivars in the world, largely under highly intensive, “super high-density” plantations.

Source: Wikipedia